Growth plates are found on the long bones of children and teenagers. These plates are areas where tissue is growing near the end of the bones. Test your knowledge of growth plates by taking this quiz.
1. The growth plate is the weakest area of the growing skeleton.
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The growth plate is weaker than bone that's already been formed. It's also weaker than the nearby ligaments and tendons that connect bones to other bones and muscles. In a growing child, a serious injury to a joint is more likely to damage a growth plate or bone than the ligaments that keep the joint stable.
2. Most injuries to the growth plate are breaks.
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Growth plate breaks are common childhood breaks. They occur more often in boys than in girls.
3. The growth plate most often broken is in the ankle.
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Growth plate breaks occur most often in the long bones of the fingers (phalanges). The next most often break is the outer bone of the forearm (radius) at the wrist. These injuries also occur often in the lower bones of the leg. These are the tibia and fibula.
4. Overusing a joint can lead to a growth plate injury.
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For example, a gymnast who practices for hours on the uneven bars, a long-distance runner, and a baseball pitcher perfecting his curve ball can all have growth plate injuries.
5. Car accidents are the cause of most growth plate breaks.
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Competitive sports like football, basketball, softball, track and field, and gymnastics cause a third of all injuries. Recreational activities like biking, sledding, skiing, and skateboarding cause a fifth of all growth plate breaks. Car, motorcycle, and all-terrain-vehicle accidents make up only a small percentage of breaks.
6. Any pain in an arm or leg that doesn't go away should be checked out by a doctor.
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A child should never be allowed or expected to "work through the pain." Some injuries left untreated can cause permanent damage and interfere with normal physical growth.
8. An X-ray is the easiest way to see a growth plate break.
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Although X-rays are used to diagnose growth plate breaks, the growth plate itself does not show up on the X-ray. That’s because it hasn't yet hardened into solid bone. Instead, the growth plate appears as a gap between the shaft of a long bone (metaphysis) and the end of the bone (epiphysis). Because injuries to the growth plate may be hard to see on an X-ray, an X-ray of the noninjured side of the body may be taken so the 2 sides can be compared. In some cases, the doctor may use other tests, such as an MRI, CT scan, or ultrasound.
Achondroplasia is a group of rare genetic (inherited) bone disorders. Achondroplasia is the most common type of what was once called dwarfism, in which the child's arms and legs are short in proportion to body length.
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion in Children
SIADH is when the body makes too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This is a hormone that normally helps the kidneys conserve the correct amount of water in the body. SIADH causes the body to retain water. This lowers the level of sodium in the blood. SIADH is rare. It most often happens to children who are in the hospital.
Puberty that happens early is called precocious puberty. Gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty is caused by early secretion of high levels of sex hormones. These include the male androgens and female estrogens.
